Condoms

Condoms are a type of barrier contraceptive used during sexual activity to prevent pregnancy and reduce the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Typically made from latex, polyurethane, or polyisoprene, condoms work by covering the penis or lining the vagina, creating a barrier that prevents sperm from entering the partner’s body. They also help reduce skin-to-skin contact, which lowers the transmission of STIs. Male condoms are worn on the erect penis, while female (internal) condoms are inserted into the vagina. Condoms are one of the most effective and widely available forms of birth control and STI prevention.

Condoms come in a variety of materials, sizes, textures, and features to suit different preferences and needs. Latex condoms are the most common, offering reliable protection and stretchability. For those with latex allergies, polyurethane and polyisoprene condoms are great alternatives. Textured condoms (such as ribbed or dotted) enhance sensation during sex, while thin condoms are designed to increase sensitivity without compromising protection. Some condoms are lubricated for added comfort, while others come non-lubricated for those who prefer adding their own lube. There are also flavored condoms for oral sex and extra-large or snug-fit condoms to ensure a comfortable fit.

When used correctly, male condoms are about 98% effective at preventing pregnancy, meaning that only 2 out of 100 couples using condoms as their only birth control method will become pregnant in a year. However, due to typical user error, the actual effectiveness rate is around 85%. Condoms are also highly effective at reducing the risk of STIs, including HIV, gonorrhea, and chlamydia. Female (internal) condoms are similarly effective, with a typical-use effectiveness of about 79%. To maximize effectiveness, always use condoms correctly from start to finish during every sexual encounter and combine them with another form of birth control for extra protection.

Finding the right size condom is important for both comfort and effectiveness. Condoms that are too tight may break, while those that are too loose may slip off. Most condoms are labeled as standard size, which fits the average penis length and girth. If you find standard condoms too tight or uncomfortable, consider larger condoms (often labeled "XL" or "magnum") that offer more room. If standard condoms feel loose or slip, opt for snug-fit condoms, which provide a tighter fit. It's important to measure your erect penis length and girth to choose the best size for you, ensuring the condom stays secure during use.

Yes, condoms can and should be used with lubricants to enhance comfort, reduce friction, and lower the risk of the condom breaking. However, it’s important to choose the right type of lubricant. Water-based and silicone-based lubricants are safe to use with all types of condoms, including latex. Avoid using oil-based lubricants (such as baby oil, lotion, or petroleum jelly) with latex condoms, as oils can degrade the material, increasing the risk of tearing. If you're using a polyurethane or polyisoprene condom, water-based or silicone lubricants are still the safest option for maintaining the integrity of the material.

No, condoms are designed for single use only. Once a condom has been used, it should be disposed of properly and not reused, even if it appears intact. Reusing a condom significantly increases the risk of it breaking or leaking, which compromises its effectiveness at preventing pregnancy and protecting against STIs. After use, wrap the condom in tissue or toilet paper and throw it in the trash—never flush condoms down the toilet, as they can cause plumbing issues. Always use a new condom for each act of vaginal, oral, or anal sex to ensure maximum protection.

To keep condoms effective, store them in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight, heat, and humidity, as these factors can weaken the material and cause them to break during use. Avoid keeping condoms in wallets, car glove compartments, or pockets for extended periods, as friction and heat can damage the packaging and the condom itself. Most condoms have an expiration date printed on the package—make sure to check this before use, as expired condoms are more likely to tear or fail. Proper storage ensures that your condoms will work as intended when needed.

If a condom breaks or slips off during sex, it’s important to take action as soon as possible to reduce the risk of pregnancy or STIs. If this occurs during vaginal sex, consider using emergency contraception (like the morning-after pill) to prevent pregnancy, especially if ejaculation occurred. If there’s a concern about STIs, both partners should consider getting tested. To reduce the chances of this happening again, check the condom’s size and fit, use plenty of lubricant, and ensure that the condom is properly applied and worn throughout the entire sexual encounter.

Yes, there are several types of condoms available for people with latex allergies. Polyurethane condoms are made from a type of plastic that is safe for those allergic to latex, and they are also thinner, which can enhance sensation. Polyisoprene condoms are another great option, made from a synthetic rubber that offers a similar stretch and softness to latex without triggering allergic reactions. These non-latex condoms provide the same level of protection against pregnancy and STIs as latex condoms. Always check the packaging to ensure that the condom is latex-free if you have an allergy.

Yes, condoms can be used for both anal and oral sex to reduce the risk of STIs. For anal sex, it’s especially important to use a durable condom and apply plenty of lubricant to minimize friction and reduce the chance of the condom tearing. Some condoms are labeled as specifically designed for anal use, offering extra strength or lubrication. For oral sex, flavored condoms can enhance the experience and make it more enjoyable while still providing protection. Always choose the right type of condom for the activity, and ensure it's used correctly for maximum protection.